"Situated at the base of Willamette Falls, it had long been an important fishing and gathering spot for several local Indigenous tribes.
By 1829, Dr. John McLoughlin of the Hudson’s Bay Company laid out a two-square-mile claim near the falls and encouraged white traders, missionaries and emigrants to settle there. "
"By 1846, the new city had grown to 500 residents, with two churches, two saloons and a newspaper “Oregon Spectator.”
Beginning in the mid 1840s, thousands of westward settlers arrived in the city, making it
the symbolic end
of the Oregon Trail."
"the arrival of settlers decimated the Indigenous population of the area.
The early Euro-American migrants brought smallpox, cholera and other diseases that killed thousands of Native Americans in the region.
As settlers moved in, the remaining inhabitants were forced out of the region.
In 1855, local tribes ceded Willamette Falls to the United States under the Willamette Valley Treaty and Native people were
forcibly removed to the Grand Ronde Reservation.
In 2019, the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde purchased a 23-acre property at Willamette Falls that was formerly home to a Blue Heron Paper Company mill."
https://www.opb.org/article/2024/12/24/oregon-city-180-anniversary/
_____
"Knowledge Conquers Fear"
"The Dalles (/ˈdælz/) DALZ; formally the City of The Dalles and also called Dalles City, is an inland port and the largest city in Wasco County, Oregon, United States.
The population was 16,010 at the 2020 census, and it is the largest city in Oregon along the Columbia River outside the Portland Metropolitan Area.
The Dalles is 75 miles (121 km) east of Portland, within the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area."
"The area around The Dalles is known to have been a trading center for Native Americans as long as 10,000 years ago and is thus one of the oldest inhabited places in North America."
'In French, "les dalles" means "the slabs". When a river flows over hard flat rocks, it becomes shallow, and rapids are created."
'"The rapids of the Columbia River at The Dalles was the largest and longest of the four "great portages",
where fur trading boats had to unload and transship their cargoes.
Sometimes, during high water, boats traveling downriver would "shoot the rapids" instead of portaging, although the practice was dangerous"
""
"1855, at the end of the Cayuse War, the Indians living near The Dalles were forcibly relocated by the U.S. Army to the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. "
the practice was dangerous
The race was dangerous
The river was shooting
The race was shot
The practice was malpractice of law
The aims were aimless
Rapids created rapid portage
The city formed on the slabs of man
"In the early 1840s American settlers began to arrive in significant numbers, traveling overland via the Oregon Trail.
The trail ended at The Dalles.
It was not possible to take wagons farther west due to steep cliffs that fell straight into the Columbia River.
Until the construction of the Barlow Road in 1846, the only way to reach Fort Vancouver and the Willamette Valley was by rafting down the river from The Dalles"
'In 1864, the U.S. Congress appropriated money to build a U.S. mint in The Dalles that was to use gold from Canyon City for coinage.
The supply of gold from Canyon City began to dwindle, however, and other problems, such as cost overruns, workers leaving to work the gold fields, and flooding from the Columbia River, also contributed to the project running two years behind schedule and led eventually to its demise.
In 1870, the State of Oregon received the property from the U.S. Government and the building was put to other uses"
"Construction of The Dalles Dam in 1957 submerged the Long Narrows and Celilo Falls.
In 1963, Ken Kesey's novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest was published featuring the narrator, Chief, who is from The Dalles.
In 1970, the Bonneville Power Administration opened the Celilo Converter Station near the northern terminus of the Pacific DC Intertie which sends 3,100 megawatts of electricity to Los Angeles.
In 1982, a curly-coated kitten was born on a farm in The Dalles owned by Linda and Dick Koehl.
The Koehls used this kitten and her offspring to develop a new breed of cat called the LaPerm,
which went on to become a popular, established, championship pedigree cat breed around the world."
"In 1984, The Dalles was the site of the first and single largest bioterrorism attack in United States history."
___
'Wasco County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,213
Its county seat is The Dalles.
The county is named for a local tribe of Native Americans, the Wasco, a Chinook tribe who live on the south side of the Columbia River.
It is near the Washington state line. "
"The Oregon Territorial Legislature created Wasco County on January 11, 1854, from the parts of Clackamas, Lane, Linn and Marion counties, that were east of the Cascade Range.
At the time of its creation,
it was the largest county in the United States,
consisting of
130,000 square miles (340,000 km2)
that stretched clear to the Rocky Mountains.
Its northern border was the Washington Territory line (the Columbia River).
When Dakota Territory (including present-day Wyoming) was created in 1861, Idaho Territory in 1863, and Montana Territory in 1864, the parts of Wasco County east of the present Oregon boundaries were ceded to those territories.
Other Oregon counties were split away, and Wasco was reduced to its current size.
"When the Rajneeshees subsequently recruited homeless people from across the United States to settle at Rajneeshpuram, it was widely seen as an attempt
to use the ballot box to seize control of the county "
"Rajneesh was arrested as he was fleeing the U.S. in 1985 and he was subsequently indicted along with seven followers for immigration crimes by a federal grand jury.
A separate grand jury in Wasco County charged three Rajneeshees of attempted murder, while Rajneesh entered
an Alford plea
and was given a suspended sentence on condition that he leave the country. "
____
"In United States law, an Alford plea, also called a Kennedy plea in West Virginia,
an Alford guilty plea,
and the Alford doctrine is a guilty plea in criminal court, whereby a defendant in a criminal case
does not admit to the criminal act and a
sserts innocence, but accepts imposition of a sentence.
This plea is allowed even if the evidence to be presented by the prosecution would be likely to persuade a judge or jury to find the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt"
"Gee, I dunno, I just found it"
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