The name caribou was probably derived from the Mi'kmaq word xalibu or qalipu meaning "the one who paws".
-Maopeltoog “Henri” Membertou
(13 GG)
Birth 1507
Nova Scotia, Canada
Death
18 Sep 1611 (aged 103–104)
Annapolis Royal, Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, Canada
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/268830354/louis-membertou
Ameckmite “Marie” Mitcsamegke Membertou
Birth
1535
Death
1600 (aged 64–65)
_____
Louis Membertou
Birth 1550
Death
18 Sep 1611 (aged 60–61)
Grace Marie Membertou Granger
(11th Great Grandmother)
Birth 1584
Nova Scotia, Canada
Death 1643 (aged 58–59)
Port Royal, Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, Canada
____
John Granger IV
Birth
1576
Isle of Wight, England
Death
1643 (aged 66–67)
Bedfordshire, England
____
Launcelot Granger Sr.
Birth
1609
Bedfordshire, England
Death
17 Feb 1687 (aged 77–78)
Bedfordshire, England
Elenor Wilmot Granger
Birth1609
Bedfordshire, England
Death
3 May 1691 (aged 81–82)
____
Launcelot Granger Jr.
Birth
25 Jun 1637
Shillington, Central Bedfordshire Unitary Authority, Bedfordshire, England
Death
3 Sep 1689 (aged 52)
Suffield, Hartford County, Connecticut, USA
Joanna Elinor Adams Granger *
Robert Adams 1602 – 1682 *
*Sir John Lord of Beverston Adams Sr.
Birth
7 Jan 1472
Somerset, England Death 2 Aug 1557 (aged 85)
Stoke Gabriel, South Hams District, Devon, England
*
_____
Mary Granger Burbank
Birthunknown
Death 18 May 1734
Suffield, Hartford County, Connecticut, USA
___
Capt Abraham Burbank
Birth
8 Sep 1703
Death
20 Nov 1767 (aged 64)
Suffield, Hartford County, Connecticut, USA
Mehitabel Burbank Ripley
1729 – 1813 • South Westfield Street Cemetery
____
Jerusha Ripley Lamb
Birth
28 May 1756
Windham, Windham County, Connecticut, USA
Death
9 May 1838 (aged 81)
Lambs Creek, Tioga County, Pennsylvania, USA
Maria Lamb Pickard
Birth
30 Oct 1795
Wilbraham, Hampden County, Massachusetts, USA
Death
24 Apr 1873 (aged 77)
City and County of Denver, Colorado, USA
Alice Pickard Champlin born 8 Aug 1845
Pennsylvania, USA
Death
17 Apr 1914 (aged 68)
McPherson, McPherson County, Kansas, USA
____
Born on 1600 to Mikmaw (Mikmaq)
"Marie" (MicMac Indian)
AdenakI (Abenaki) (Chiefs Wife Membertou).
Grace Micmac passed away on 1640 in England. (from ancestry.com)
_____
Frederic Charles “Fred” Champlin
Birth
17 Oct 1871
Rockford, Winnebago County, Illinois, USA
Death
7 Feb 1936 (aged 64)
Enid, Garfield County, Oklahoma, USA
____
___
Chief Henri Membertou
(c. 1507 – 18 September 1611)
"was the sakmow (Grand Chief) of the Mi'kmaq First Nations tribe situated near Port Royal, site of the first French settlement in Acadia, present-day Nova Scotia, Canada.
Originally sakmow of the Kespukwitk district, he was appointed as Grand Chief by the sakmowk of the other six districts. Membertou claimed to have been a grown man when he first met Jacques Cartier, which makes it likely that he was born in the early years of the sixteenth century.
Before becoming grand chief, Membertou had been the District Chief of Kespukwitk, a part of the Mi'kmaq nation which included the area where the French colonists settled Port-Royal
In addition to being sakmow or political leader, Membertou had also been the
head autmoin or spiritual leader of his tribe – who believed him to have powers of healing and prophecy.
Membertou was known to have acquired his own French shallop which he decorated with his own totems.
He used this ship to trade with Europeans far out at sea,
gaining first access to this important market and allowing him to sell goods at more worthwhile exchanges ("forestalling the market")
Membertou became a good friend to the French. He first met the French when they arrived to build the Habitation at Port-Royal in 1605, at which time, according to the French lawyer and author Marc Lescarbot,
he said he was over 100 and recalled meeting Jacques Cartier in 1534.
Both Lescarbot and explorer Samuel de Champlain wrote of having witnessed him conducting a funeral in 1606 for Panoniac, a fellow Mi'kmaw sakmow who had been killed by the Armouchiquois or Passamaquoddy tribe, of what is now Maine.
Seeking revenge for this and similar acts of hostility, Membertou led 500 warriors in a raid on the Armouchiquois town, Chouacoet, present-day Saco, Maine, in July, 1607, killing 20 of their people, including two of their leaders, Onmechin and Marchin.
He is described by the Jesuit Pierre Biard as having maintained a beard,
unlike other Mi'kmaq males who removed all facial hair.
He was larger than the other males and despite his advanced age, had no grey or white hair.
Also, unlike most sakmowk who were polygamous, Membertou had only one wife, who was baptised with the name of "Marie".
Lescarbot records that the eldest son of Chief Membertou had the name Membertouchis (Membertouji'j, baptised Louis Membertou after the then-King of France, Louis XIII), while his second and third sons were called Actaudin (absent at the time of the baptism) and Actaudinech (Actaudinji'j, baptised Paul Membertou). He also had a daughter, given the name Marguerite.
After building their fort, the French left in 1607, leaving only two of their party behind, during which time Membertou took good care of the fort and them, meeting them upon their return in 1610.
Baptism
On 24 June 1610 (Saint John the Baptist Day), Membertou became the first native leader to be baptised by the French, as a sign of alliance and good faith. The ceremony was carried out by priest Jessé Fléché, who went on to baptize all 21 members of Membertou's immediate family.
It was then that Membertou was given the baptismal name Henri, after the late king of France, Henry IV. Membertou's Baptism was part of the entry by the Mi'kmaq into a relationship with the Catholic Church, known as the Mi'kmaw Concordat.
Membertou was very eager to become a proper Christian as soon as he was baptized. He wanted the missionaries to learn the Algonquian Mi'kmaq language so that he could be properly educated
Biard relates how, when Membertou's son Actaudin became gravely ill, he was prepared to
sacrifice two or three dogs to precede him as messengers into the spirit world,
but when Biard told him this was wrong, he did not, and Actaudin then recovered.
However, in 1611, he contracted dysentery, one of the many infectious diseases spread in the New World by Europeans.
By September 1611, he was very ill. Membertou insisted on being buried with his ancestors, something that bothered the missionaries.
However; Membertou soon changed his mind and requested to be buried among the French. He died on 18 September 1611. In his final words, he charged his children to remain devout Christians.
In 2007 Canada Post issued a $0.52 stamp (domestic rate) in its "French Settlement in North America" series in honour of Chief Membertou.
A portrait of Membertou painted by the noted Mi'kmaq artist, Alan Syliboy, was presented to Queen Elizabeth II during the 2010 Royal Tour of Canada.
The portrait is on permanent display at Government House (Nova Scotia).
Three songs of Membertou survive in written form, and provide the first music transcriptions from the Americas.
The melodies for the songs were transcribed in solfège notation by Marc Lescarbot.
The time values of each note were recorded in an arrangement of Membertou's songs in mensural notation by Gabriel Sagard-Théodat.
The melodies use three notes of the solfege scale – originally transcribed as Re-Fa-Sol by Lescarbot, but more easily sung as La-Do-Re. Transcriptions of these songs are available for Native American flute. "
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Membertou
Sigogne Membertou
Birth
1555
"Canadian rock band The Tragically Hip reference Jacques Cartier in their 1992 song "Looking for a Place to Happen". The song deals with the subject of European encroachment in the New World and the eventual annexation of indigenous lands in North America."
"Marc Lescarbot (c. 1570–1641) was a French author, poet and lawyer. He is best known for his Histoire de la Nouvelle-France (1609), based on his expedition to Acadia (1606–1607) and research into French exploration in North America.
Considered one of the first great books in the history of Canada, it was printed in three editions, and was translated into German."
One of his clients, Jean de Biencourt de Poutrincourt, who was associated with the Canadian enterprises of the Sieur Du Gua de Monts, invited Lescarbot to accompany them on an expedition to Acadia in New France, and he quickly accepted. He wrote "Adieu à la France" in verse, and embarked at La Rochelle on 13 May 1606.
The party reached Port-Royal in July and spent the remainder of the year there. The following spring they made a trip to the Saint John River and Île Sainte-Croix, where they encountered the Algonquian-speaking indigenous peoples called the Mi'kmaq and the Malécite.
Lescarbot recorded the numbers from one to ten in the Maliseet language, together with making notes on the native songs and languages.
When de Monts's licence was revoked in the summer of 1607, the whole colony had to return to France"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Lescarbot
"He devoted the last section of his Histoire to describing the aboriginal natives. Keenly interested in the First Nations peoples, he frequently visited the Souriquois (Micmaq) chiefs and warriors while in La Nouvelle France.
He observed their customs, collected their remarks, and recorded their chants.
In many respects he found them more civilized and virtuous than Europeans
but, in his book, he expressed pity for their ignorance of the pleasures of wine and love.
Lescarbot introduced the Mi'kmaq word
caribou
into the French language in his publication in 1610"
____
The boreal woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou; but subject to a recent taxonomic revision.
See Reindeer: Taxonomy), also known as Eastern woodland caribou, boreal forest caribou and forest-dwelling caribou, is a North American subspecies of reindeer (or caribou in North America)
found primarily in Canada with small populations in the United States. Unlike the Porcupine caribou and barren-ground caribou, boreal woodland caribou are primarily (but not always) sedentary.
"They prefer lichen-rich, mature forests, and mainly live in marshes, bogs, lakes and river regions.
By 2019, the last individual in the Lower 48 (a female) was captured and taken to a rehab center in British Columbia, thus marking the extirpation of the caribou in the contiguous U.S
The boreal woodland caribou was designated as Threatened in 2002 by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC).
Environment Canada reported in 2011 that there were approximately 34,000 boreal woodland caribou in 51 ranges remaining in Canada"
"In North America, DNA analysis shows that woodland caribou (originally Cervus tarandus caribou Gmelin 1788)
diverged from primitive ancestors of tundra/barren-ground caribou not during the last glacial maximum, 26,000–19,000 years ago,
as previously assumed, but in the Middle Pleistocene around
357,000 years ago."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boreal_woodland_caribou
It's there, under ice, life
To get to continue it we stomp
Breath cloud halo
Antler digging scratching
Full body muscle lichen made
Thaw out heart
Give a shit spring summer flies break it down
It feeds we feed we're eaten climb the tree it falls in centuries ice comes goes summers visit women birth man hunts is hunted
Keep moving caribou rehab is just a minute away the wet museum cement bog inducts an ice friendly to loafers, not paws
*
"in the 1800s and early 1900s, woodland caribou numbers declined following settlement.
The decline continued along the southern edge of woodland caribou distribution throughout the 1960s, 70s and 80s with the direct loss of habitat to logging, mines and dams. The increase of roads led to increased hunting and poaching and increased predator/prey densities"
"According to the 2021 census, 9,245 people identified as speakers of the Mi'kmaq language. 4,910 of which said it was their mother tongue, and
2,595 reported it to be their most often spoken language at home. "
'In southwestern Nova Scotia, there is archaeological evidence that traces traditional land use and resources to at least 4,000 years.
In Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site, there are canoe routes that have been used for thousands of years by Indigenous people travelling from the Bay of Fundy to the Atlantic ocean.
Research published in 1871 showed that some Mi’kmaq believed they had emigrated from the west, and then lived alongside the Kwēdĕchk.
According to Mi'kmaw traditions recorded by S. T. Rand, the Kwēdĕchk were the original inhabitants of the land. The two tribes engaged in a war that lasted "many years", and involved the "slaughter of men, women, and children, and torture of captives", and the eventual displacement of the Kwēdĕchk by the victorious Mi'kmaq
In the chapter "Late Prehistory of the East Coast" in the Smithsonian's 1978 Handbook of North American Indians, archaeologist Dean Snow says that the fairly deep linguistic split between the Mi'kmaq and the Eastern Algonquians to the southwest suggests the Mi'kmaq developed an independent prehistoric cultural sequence in their territory. It emphasized maritime orientation, as the area had relatively few major river systems.
In the chapter "Early Indian-European Contact" in the 1978 Handbook, ethnologist T. J. Brasser, described how pre-contact small semi-nomadic bands of a few patrilineally related families indigenous people who lived in a climate unfavorable for agriculture, had subsisted on fishing and hunting.
Developed leadership did not extend beyond hunting parties.
In the same 1978 Handbook, anthropologist Philip Bock described the annual cycle of seasonal movement of precontact Mi'kmaq. Bock wrote that the Mi'kmaq had lived in dispersed interior winter camps and larger coastal communities during the summer "
"The spawning runs of March began their movement to converge on smelt spawning streams. They next harvested spawning herring, gathered waterfowl eggs, and hunted geese. By May, the seashore offered abundant cod and shellfish, and
coastal breezes brought relief from the biting black flies, deer flies, midges and mosquitoes of the interior.
Autumn frost killed the biting insects during the September harvest of spawning American eels. Smaller groups would disperse into the interior where they hunted moose and caribou.
The most important animal hunted by the Mi'kmaq was the moose, which was used in every part: the meat for food, the skin for clothing, tendons and sinew for cordage, and bones for carving and tools. Other animals hunted/trapped included deer, bear, rabbit, beaver and porcupine"
*
"Braser described the first contact between the Mi'kmaq and early European fishermen.
These fishermen salted their catch at sea and sailed directly home with it, but they set up camps ashore as early as 1520 for dry-curing cod. During the second half of the century, dry curing became the preferred preservation method.
Brasser said that trading furs for European trade goods had changed Miꞌkmaw social perspectives.
Desire for trade goods encouraged the men to devote a larger portion of the year away from the coast, trapping in the interior.
Trapping non-migratory animals, such as beaver, increased awareness of territoriality. Trader preferences for good harbors resulted in greater numbers of Miꞌkmaq gathering in fewer summer rendezvous locations.
This in turn encouraged their establishing larger bands, led by the ablest trade negotiators "
"According to the Nova Scotia Museum, bear teeth and claws were used as decoration in regalia. The women used porcupine quills to create decorative beadwork on clothing, moccasins, and accessories. The weapon used most for hunting was the bow and arrow.
The Mi'kmaq made their bows from maple. They ate fish of all kinds, such as salmon, sturgeon, lobster, squid, shellfish, and eels, as well as seabirds and their eggs.
They hunted marine mammals such as porpoises, whales, walrus, and seals."
"Miꞌkmaw territory was the first portion of North America that Europeans exploited at length for resource extraction.
Reports by John Cabot, Jacques Cartier, and Portuguese explorers about conditions there encouraged visits by Portuguese, Spanish, Basque, French, and English fishermen and whalers, beginning in the 16th century."
____
'The war was the greatest calamity in seventeenth-century New England and is considered by many to be the deadliest war in Colonial American history.
In the space of little more than a year, 12 of the region's towns were destroyed and many more were damaged, the economy of the Plymouth and Rhode Island Colonies was all but ruined and their population was decimated, losing one-tenth of all men available for military service.
More than half of New England's towns were involved in the conflict. Hundreds of Wampanoags and their allies were publicly executed or enslaved, and the Wampanoags were left effectively landless."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Philip%27s_War
The New England Confederation consisted of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth Colony, New Haven Colony, and Connecticut Colony; they declared war on the Natives on September 9, 1675.
The Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations tried to remain neutral, but much of the war was fought on
Rhode Island soil;
Providence and Warwick suffered extensive damage from the Natives."
*
"The colonial force found the Narragansett fort on December 19, 1675 near South Kingstown, Rhode Island. About 1,000 troops attacked, including about 150 Pequot and Mohegan allies. It is believed that the militia killed about 600 Narragansetts. They burned the fort (occupying over 5 acres (20,000 m2) of land) and destroyed most of the tribe's winter stores."
"In the spring of 1676, the Narragansetts counterattacked under Canonchet, assembling an army of 2,000 men. They burned Providence, including Roger William's house."
"In December 1675, Metacomet established a winter camp in Schaghticoke, New York
His reason for moving into New York has been attributed to a desire to enlist Mohawk aid in the conflict.[42] New York was a non-belligerent, but Governor Edmund Andros was nonetheless concerned at the arrival of the Wampanoag sachem.
Either with Andros' sanction, or of their own accord, the Mohawk—traditional rivals of the Algonquian people
—launched a surprise assault against a 500-warrior band under Metacomet's command the following February.
The coup de main resulted in the death between 70 and 460 of the Wampanoags Metacomet withdrew to New England, pursued by Mohawk forces who attacked Algonquian settlements and ambushed their supply
"Natives attacked and destroyed more settlements throughout the winter of 1675–1676 in their effort to annihilate the colonists. "
____
"Bloodgood was made secretary to the Colonies on the Delaware River in 1659. They moved to Flushing, and Bloodgood was appointed Schepen of Flushing in 1673.
Bloodgood had acquired land, sheep and cattle by the time of his death.Frans Bloetgoet and his wife both belonged to the New York Dutch Church, and all but two of their children were baptized there.
On 24 May 1674 he was made chief officer of the Dutch militia of the settlements of Flushing, Hempstead, Jamaica and Newtown. He died on 29 December 1676."
Franz Jansen Bloetgoet (Francis Bloodgood) prospered in New Amsterdam, both financially and politically. His official occupation on some legal documents is listed as a carpenter; in 1660, he built a "magnificent structure for that era. It stood on beautiful spacious grounds and was surrounded with very lovely gardens, trees and scrub." He went on to own considerable land, cattle and sheep.
On 31 August, 1673, under the acts of Governor Cornelis Evertse, Jr., and the Council of War, he was made magistrate and schepen (alderman). At this time the flag of the House of Orange once more waved over Manhattan after an interregnum of nine years of English government, but this was to last less than a year.
By appointment of Governor Colve, on March 24, 1674, he became schout-fiscal (sheriff), and chief-military officer of the Dutch people of the Villages of Flushing, Hempstead, Rustdorp (Jamaica) and Middledorp (Newtown).
His primary duties were "to guard the interest of the Dutch inhabitants" of that precinct, to "instruct them to be always ready upon the receipt of notice of the arrival of an English ship to repair with arms to New Orange."
This is presumably when he received the rank of Captain.
He was Privy Councilor to Governor Colve
during the surrender of the Dutch colony
back to the English in November of 1674.
https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LB86-317/capt.-franz-jansen-bloetgoet-1632-1676
Frans is said to have been wounded in a “skirmish” with Indians at White Stone,
Long Island, and states in his will dated 29 December 1676
that he was “sorely wounded and very weak.”
____
"The home built by Capt. Frans Janse Bloetgoet in 1660 on Main Street in Flushing, Long Island was truley a magnificent structure for the era.
It stood on beautiful spacious grounds and was surrounded with very lovely gardens, trees, and shrubs. This home was proudly possessed by descendants and kept in the family for many generations until it was finally razed in the early 1900's to make way for a city block.
According to history, the estate was either purchased or inherited by members of the family.
It is believed Capt. Frans lost his life in a skermish with the Indians who were known to make raids at that time but it
could have been the English."
____
Captain Geoffrey Champlin, Sr.
Also Known As: "Geoffrey", "Jeoffrey or Jeffrey"
Birthdate: July 28, 1621
Birthplace: Biddeford, Devon, England (United Kingdom)
Death: December 06, 1695 (74)
Westerly, Washington Co., Rhode Island
"Geoffrey Champlin settled in Aquidneck, now Rhode Island in 1638; he settled first at Pocasset (Portsmouth) on the north end of the Island, but removed the next year to Newport, at the south end;
was admitted as an inhabitant of the Island, 24th November, 1638; and a Freeman, 14th Sept 1640; in 1661 he removed with many others, to Misquamacut, (Westerly) in the Narragansett country, but
returned to Newport in 1675, during King Phillip's War and probably died there; married probably in Newport prior to 1650, but his wife's name has not been preserved.
From Jim Hughes comes the note: "In 1661, Jeffrey migrated to the region of Misquamicut along the Pawcatuck River (in the western part of what is modern day Rhode Island) with another group of dissatisfied settlers comprising 24 other families. there, they founded the town of Westerly --
Jeffrey signing a document which purchased Misquamicut from Chief Socoa in 1661.
About 75 people signed this document, but only a few actually removed to what was to become Westerly.
He took the Oath of Allegiance to Rhode Island on May 17, 1671, and three days later he was fined 20 shillings for refusing jury duty."
"At Newport, Jeffrey engaged in the buying and selling of property and was thought to have become a cordwainer. A cordwainer was a leather worker who made use of cordovan leather to design and make custom made shoes.
This was considered to be a pre-eminent profession in those days. marriage or the certain identity of his wife - although it is believed that her name was Ulalia Garde. It is believed by some that Jeffrey may have been married twice. He probably would have married first in England as there is no record of his marrying in Rhode Island and he would NOThave been granted land at Newport in 1640 if he wasn't married.
Moderator of the Westerly Town Meetings from 1680-1684. He was Deputy in the Rhode Island Assembly from 1681-1686. In 1685 he was assigned to survey highways "
____
"The warriors then dragged the bodies into the house, along with the cattle, and burned the house to the ground.
During the attack, Hutchinson's nine-year-old daughter Susanna was out picking blueberries; she was found, according to legend, hidden in the crevice of Split Rock nearby.
She is believed to have had red hair, which was unusual to the Indians, and perhaps because of this curiosity her life was spared. She was taken captive, was named "Autumn Leaf" by one account, and lived with the Indians for two to six years (accounts vary) until ransomed back to her family members,"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Hutchinson
"Susanna's ancestry on her father's side was published by John D. Champlin in 1913, and he published much of her ancestry on her mother's side the following year."
Llllhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_early_settlers_of_Rhode_Island
"The Sons of Champlin are an American rock band, from Marin County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area, formed in 1965.
They are fronted by vocalist-keyboardist-guitarist Bill Champlin, who, after leaving the group in 1977, joined the rock band
Chicago from 1981 to 2009, reforming the Sons of Champlin in 1997.
They brought to the late ‘60s music scene in the Bay Area a soulful sound built around a horn section, Hammond B3 organ, sophisticated arrangements, philosophical themes, Bill Champlin's songwriting and blue-eyed soul singing, and Terry Haggerty's unique jazz-based guitar soloing.
They are one of the enduring 1960s San Francisco bands, along with Jefferson Airplane, the Grateful Dead and Moby Grape."
____
Granger
''English (of Norman origin): occupational name for a farm bailiff, responsible for overseeing the collection of rent in kind into the barns and storehouses of the lord of the manor.
This official had the Anglo-Norman French title grainger, Old French grangier, from Late Latin granicarius, a derivative
of granica ‘granary’ (see Grange )."
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