"The fireside chats were a series of evening radio addresses given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (known colloquially as "FDR") between 1933 and 1944. Roosevelt spoke with familiarity to millions of Americans about the promulgation of the Emergency Banking Act in response to the banking crisis, the recession, New Deal initiatives, and the course of World War II.
On radio, he was able to quell rumors and explain his policies. His tone and demeanor communicated self-assurance during times of despair and uncertainty.
Roosevelt was regarded as an effective communicator on radio, and the fireside chats kept him in high public regard throughout his presidency. Their introduction was later described as a "revolutionary experiment with a nascent media platform."
"As president, Roosevelt began making the informal addresses on March 12, 1933, eight days after his inauguration.
He had spent his first week coping with a month-long epidemic of bank closings that was hurting families nationwide.[8]:78
He closed the entire American banking system on March 6.
On March 9 Congress passed the Emergency Banking Act, which Roosevelt used to effectively create federal deposit insurance when the banks reopened.[9]
At 10 p.m. ET that Sunday night, on the eve of the end of the bank holiday, Roosevelt spoke to a radio audience of more than 60 million people, to tell them in clear language
"what has been done in the last few days, why it was done, and what the next steps are going to be".
"Fireside Chat".....The term was coined by CBS broadcast executive Harry C. Butcher of the network's Washington, D.C., office,[11] in a press release before the address of May 7, 1933"
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"During the wave of bank closings in March 1933, Governor William H. Murray ordered all banks in the State of Oklahoma to close.
Champlin refused and continued to operate the bank which was financially sound.
In response, the governor called out the National Guard.
Captain Stephen J. England led eighteen militia men into town to close the bank, earning the First National Bank of Enid the distinction of the only bank ever to be closed by the military in American history."
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