smorgasbord of poetry, photos, political hairballs...MOTEs "More energy, grit and real life in them than 96.8% of the bullshit that comes into the Corpse."
Thursday, February 29, 2024
Variety show
Last 30 days has seemed mighty slow here at
bloggod
But ...
United States multiply by secession into
179 feudal corporate anarchies that
Australia mad maxes into
125 apartheid type
Israel settlements that
57 Heinz sauce
Canada roasts by
10 bo Derek swimsuits frim
Germany
4 less scrutiny jerks in
Russia
4 eyes
Switzerland poked out
3 castles for greedy
United Kingdom monarchs
3 times in wishbone battle
Türkiye squawks
3 gobbles and every ethnicity
Other non Asian
67 too Micronesia to remember to pay to advertise.
Trump Corporate Rule Fascism
'Trump gave top US firms staggering tax cuts, with some paying $0 or less – report"
Among lowest taxpayers were companies whose CEOs have become high-profile advocates for corporate social responsibility
'Some of the US’s most profitable corporations, including
General Motors,
Citigroup
and
Netflix,
have slashed their tax bills in the years since the passage of the Trump tax cuts,
with nearly a quarter paying rates in the single digits
and 23 paying nothing ,
a report has found."
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2024/feb/29/trump-tax-cuts-us-companies
Tuesday, February 27, 2024
Sunday, February 18, 2024
Fascism AI
"Luddism is founded on a politics of refusal,
which in reality just means having the right and ability
to say no to things that directly impact upon your life,” Sadowski tells me when we speak. "
'to do away with work would be to do away with a reason for living. “I think what we’re risking is a wide-scale loss of purpose,”
'Technological development is shaped by money, it’s shaped by power,
and it’s generally targeted towards the interests of those in power
as opposed to the interests of those without it.
That stereotypical definition of a luddite as some stupid worker who smashes machines because they’re dumb?
That was concocted by bosses.”"
'Trying to shake humanity from its complacency about this, Yudkowsky published an op-ed in Time last spring that advised shutting down the computer farms where AIs are grown and trained.
In clear, crisp prose, he speculated about the possible need for airstrikes
targeted on datacentres;
perhaps even nuclear exchange."
'"Masses of uncredited, unpaid-for human work was being harvested from the internet and repurposed by clever generative AIs.
In spring 2023, Crabapple organised an open letter that called for restrictions on this “vampirical” practice. "
"There is no cloud.
There are vast datacentres sucking up water,
electricity and rare-earth metals,
literally boiling up the planet"
___
"In the US, where nearly four in 10 of all bitcoin are now mined,
up to 50m tons of carbon dioxide is released each year due to the mining operations,
according to RMI, a clean energy thinktank."
********.
"In addition to inconveniencing customers,
the issue threatened emergency services nationwide
since people couldn't make phone calls or send text messages.
Local officials
and emergency departments
pushed out alerts throughout the day advising people to use Wi-Fi to make calls."
Push! Nudge. Blanketed. How? I didn't get any alert.
__
"The backlash was a reminder of older controversies about bias in Google’s technology, when the company was accused of having the opposite problem: not showing enough people of color, or failing to properly assess images of them.
In 2015, Google Photos labeled a picture of two Black people as gorillas.
As a result, the company shut down its Photo app’s ability to classify anything
as an image of a gorilla, a monkey or an ape,
including the animals themselves.
That policy remains in place."
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/22/technology/google-gemini-german-uniforms.html
"Gemini’s predecessor, Bard, which was named after William Shakespeare,
stumbled last year
when it shared inaccurate information about telescopes at its public debut."
$$$$$$$
Insert telescope humbly toward stumble,
Pop the zit. Banquet time for technology, wash floridly with glacier embryo.
___
"up to 2.3% of the US’s total electricity demand last year came from just 137 mining facilities"
US judge halts government effort to monitor crypto mining energy use
"Federal judge in Texas says new requirement would cause ‘irreparable injury’
to industry
amid surging electricity usage
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/feb/27/crypto-mining-electricity-use
____
"Some of the US’s most profitable corporations, including
General Motors,
Citigroup
and Netflix,
have slashed their tax bills in the years since the passage of the Trump tax cuts,
with nearly a quarter paying rates in the single digits
and 23 paying nothing
a report has found."
Saturday, February 17, 2024
Go Team
Senseless violence they exclaim between chicken wings and army ads
Licking the remote control clicker tape parade
If polls are without sense,
What's their gist to the terrorist gun industry
A bounce off the braindead
Into the end zone oxygen depleted roundup worship orgy
Pay your attention NATO 2% milk the arms industry ever
So thoughtful, contemplative as a hallmark thinker basking in the sun
Straddling the border
Free slave or halfpriced intern
Intelligence ain't sensitive to such gymnastics
It just scans for life
Award time
" Hot on the heels of being named one of the top party cities in the country,
"Portland is finally getting some recognition that makes sense – according to Sleep Foundation Portland is the best city in the United States for sleep.
According to the survey, out of the top 75 cities in the country by population, Portland “rates as the best city for sleep with the lowest percentage of insufficient sleepers"
___
Best at breathing
Third best at walking
Number eight in digestion
Tied with Seattle for umbrella opening
Fourteen in parking evasion
Twenty third for passing the buck
Thirty six in smiling unstoned
And last in reading for children
Saturday, February 10, 2024
Falsus in Uno Rene
"crying wolf"
"I also may use this as a basis to invoke falsus in uno,”
the judge wrote, referencing the maxim
“false in one thing,
false in everything.”
___
Falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus
is a Latin maxim meaning "false in one thing, false in everything".
At common law, it is the legal principle that a witness who falsely testifies about one matter is not credible to testify about any matter.
While many common law jurisdictions reject categorical application of the rule, the doctrine survives in some American courts"
___
"Fascism?
Maybe things went off the rails last time, but let’s not throw the baby out with the bathwater.
A pea-brained fear of vaccines? Sure, why not?
A conviction that the old lady who lives in the forest
is stealing our children and vivisecting them
to consume their adrenochrome?
That makes perfect sense."
https://theintercept.com/2024/02/10/erik-prince-off-leash-imperialism-colonialism/
Related
_____
"Portland Commissioner and mayoral hopeful ;
Rene Gonzalez
recently said that he would temporarily stop using public transit
after he alleged that a woman “accosted” him
aboard a MAX train, including subjecting him to
“deliberate, unwanted topics, embarrassment, lack of virtue, emasculation, genital distraught, mental gangrene in remission, et tu syndrome, Jonestown Envy, greasy lawyer jitters, Knightitis, congenital Fake grin, and ghastly Disbarment Magnet super collider physical contact.”
And yet, footimouthage obtained by The Oregonian/OregonLive... ."
,____
'Donald Trump won’t face the corporate death penalty after all.
A New York judge on Friday
spared the ex-president
that worst case punishment"
https://apnews.com/article/trump-new-york-business-fraud-lawsuit-1acac26e66862f497782350f172cf970
False Justice.
The Electric Cord without Natives
Lincoln
"He sees a German he knows well in the crowd … he says: "
‘This is the day that we celebrate the founders and those who are descended from the founders.
But even though all of you
are not the blood
of the blood
of that generation,
the Declaration [of Independence]
says that you are
like
the blood of the blood of the founders.
And that’s the electric cord
that runs through the Declaration of Independence.
"I love the phrase ‘electric cord’.
How can you read that and not think Lincoln says naturalised Americans and refugees are the blood of our blood because they want liberty and they want to be here, as opposed to poisoning the blood of America?"
_____
' I try every once in a while to remind myself and readers that for example, the welcoming spirit of progressive people in the Lincoln era … is happening at the same time
Indigenous people are being removed and contained"
Friday, February 09, 2024
Thursday, February 08, 2024
Less sugar Eye floss dynamo
I'm just a grocery store gurl
I just came in
My boyfriend n me gonna get a motel
Roomferdanite
She ain't chewing gum at least
Nonchalant, ink on neck scratches
Not alarming just wanna
Wash it up
They ringing slow who's clocking
The cart b4 rang $316 assorted crap
Working denim armor
Just came in, like said
People behind me foreign hurry
Lady ahead there with her charge pointing out ripoffs
Another import, I gooota pay who's stopping you
I'm sammutched just emmersing copacetic no bruises just scratches
Eyegot all snack
Bulk vegan crackanna kilo of cheese
Some anchovy toothpaste
And garlic bouillon
No wonder I'm a treat just as gruesome as the former
Latter ladder status quo
No sugar eye floss dynamo
She soloquizes with my conveyor belt flexing
Soliloquy barcode a numeral per hour
That's what your wrist is for
Scan the way out
7 hour 49 is what's left
Vacation motel nix
Innuendo ennui slightly dodgy
Ain't my trail mix
Lick your fingers
After twenties and triple down past the fiftie$
I'm just a grocery human item
Thanks for less biting
----FLB
SE PDX
Three Penny Opera
"What's picking a lock compared to buying shares?
What's breaking into a bank compared to founding one?
What's murdering a man compared to employing one?"
____
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Threepenny_Opera
___
"Oh, the shark, babe, has such teeth, dear
And it shows them pearly white
Just a jackknife has old MacHeath, babe
And he keeps it, ah, out of sight
You know when that shark bites with his teeth, babe
Scarlet billows start to spread
Fancy gloves, oh, wears old MacHeath, babe
So there's never, never a trace of red
Now on the sidewalk, huh, huh, whoo sunny morning, un huh
Lies a body just oozin' life, eek
And someone's sneakin' 'round the corner
Could that someone be Mack the Knife?
There's a tugboat, huh, huh, down by the river don'tcha know
Where a cement bag's just a-drooppin' on down
Oh, that cement is just, it's there for the weight, dear
Five'll get ya ten, old Macky's back in town
Now did ya hear 'bout Louie Miller? He disappeared, babe
After drawin' out all his hard-earned cash
And now MacHeath spends just like a sailor
Could it be our boy's done somethin' rash?
Now Jenny Diver, ho, ho, yeah, Sukey Tawdry
Ooh, Miss Lotte Lenya and old Lucy Brown
Oh, the line forms on the right, babe
Now that Macky's back in town
I said Jenny Diver, whoa, Sukey Tawdry
Look out to Miss Lotte Lenya and old Lucy Brown
Yes, that line forms on the right, babe
Now that Macky's back in town
Look out, old Macky's back"
Songwriters: Bertolt Brecht / Kurt Weill / Marc Blitzstein
____
"The work offers a socialist critique
of the capitalist world. It opened on 31 August 1928 at Berlin's Theater am Schiffbauerdamm.
With influences from jazz and German dance music, songs from The Threepenny Opera have been widely covered and become standards, most notably "Die Moritat von Mackie Messer" ("The Ballad of Mack the Knife") and "Seeräuberjenny" ("Pirate Jenny").
"You are about to hear an opera for beggars.
Since this opera was intended to be as splendid as only beggars can imagine,
and yet cheap enough for beggars to be able to watch,
it is called the Threepenny Opera."
____
Thanks to my bike repairman, Jimmy. He's from Nahyok. We sometimes chat while he patches a tube and he referenced this Work the other day. Bertold Brecht, huh.
----FLB
____
"You people can watch while I'm scrubbing these floors
And I'm scrubbin' the floors while you're gawking
Maybe once ya tip me and it makes ya feel swell
In this crummy southern town
In this crummy old hotel
But you'll never guess to who you're talkin'.
No. you couldn't ever guess to who you're talkin'.
Then one night there's a scream in the night
And you'll wonder who could that have been
And you see me kinda grinnin' while I'm scrubbin'
And you say, "what's she got to grin?"
I'll tell you.
There's a ship
The black freighter
With a skull on its masthead
Will be coming in
You gentlemen can say, "hey gal, finish them floors!
Get upstairs! what's wrong with you! earn your keep here!
You toss me your tips
And look out to the ships
But I'm counting your heads
As I'm making the beds
Cause there's nobody gonna sleep here, honey
Nobody
Nobody!
Then one night there's a scream in the night
And you say, "who's that kicking up a row?"
And ya see me kinda starin' out the winda
And you say, "what's she got to stare at now?"
I'll tell ya.
There's a ship
The black freighter
Turns around in the harbor
Shootin' guns from her bow
Now
You gentlemen can wipe off that smile off your face
Cause every building in town is a flat one
This whole frickin' place will be down to the ground
Only this cheap hotel standing up safe and sound
And you yell, "why do they spare that one?"
Yes.
That's what you say.
"Why do they spare that one?"
All the night through, through the noise and to-do
You wonder who is that person that lives up there?
And you see me stepping out in the morning
Looking nice with a ribbon in my hair
And the ship
The black freighter
Runs a flag up its masthead
And a cheer rings the air
By noontime the dock
Is a-swarmin' with men
Comin' out from the ghostly freighter
They move in the shadows
Where no one can see
And they're chainin' up people
And they're bringin' em to me
Askin' me,
"Kill them now, or later?"
Askin' me!
"Kill them now, or later?"
Noon by the clock
And so still by the dock
You can hear a foghorn miles away
And in that quiet of death
I'll say, "right now.
Right now!"
Then they'll pile up the bodies
And I'll say,
"That'll learn ya!"
And the ship
The black freighter
Disappears out to sea
And
On
It
Is
Me"
Tuesday, February 06, 2024
Buckets of Glacier
Indra
(/ˈɪndrə/; Sanskrit: इन्द्र) is the king of the devas and Svarga in Hinduism.
"He is associated with the sky, lightning, weather, thunder, storms, rains, river flows, and war.
He is a rough equivalent to Zeus in Greek mythology, or Jupiter in Roman mythology.
Indra's powers are similar to other Indo-European deities such as Norse Odin,
Perun,
Perkūnas,
Zalmoxis,
Taranis,
and Thor,
part of the greater Proto-Indo-European mythology. "
'The Greenland ice cap is losing an average of 30m tonnes of ice
an hour
due to the climate crisis,
a study has revealed"
____
"The possibility that the AMOC is a bistable system (which is either "on" or "off") and could collapse suddenly has been a topic of scientific discussion for a long time.[111][112]
In 2004, The Guardian publicized the findings of a report commissioned by Pentagon
defence adviser Andrew Marshall, which suggested that
the average annual temperature in Europe would drop by 6 Fahrenheit between 2010 and 2020 as the result of an abrupt AMOC shutdown."
"In general, a shutdown of the thermohaline circulation (THC) caused by global warming would trigger cooling in the North Atlantic, Europe, and North America.
This would particularly affect areas such as the British Isles, France and the Nordic countries, which are warmed by the North Atlantic drift.
Major consequences, apart from regional cooling, could also include an
increase in major floods and storms, a collapse of plankton stocks,
warming or rainfall changes in the tropics or Alaska and Antarctica,
more frequent and intense El Niño events due to associated shutdowns of the Kuroshio, Leeuwin, and East Australian Currents that are connected to the same thermohaline circulation as the Gulf Stream, or
an oceanic anoxic event —
oxygen (O
2) below surface levels
of the stagnant oceans
becomes completely depleted
– a probable cause of past
mass extinction events."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_meridional_overturning_circulation
2015 study led by James Hansen found that the shutdown or substantial slowdown of the AMOC, besides possibly contributing to extreme end-Eemian events, will cause a more general increase of severe weather. Additional surface cooling from ice melt increases surface and lower tropospheric temperature gradients, and causes in model simulations a large increase of mid-latitude eddy energy throughout the midlatitude troposphere. This in turn leads to an increase of baroclinicity produced by stronger temperature gradients, which provides energy for more severe weather events. This includes winter and near-winter cyclonic storms colloquially known as "superstorms", which generate near-hurricane-force winds and often large amounts of snowfall. These results imply that strong cooling in the North Atlantic from AMOC shutdown potentially increases seasonal mean wind speed of the northeasterlies by as much as 10–20% relative to preindustrial conditions. Because wind power dissipation is proportional to the cube of wind speed, this translates into an increase of storm power dissipation by a factor ~1.4–2,. However, the simulated changes refer to seasonal mean winds averaged over large grid-boxes, not individual storms.[13]
In 2017, a study evaluated the effects of a shutdown on El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), but found no overall impact, with divergent atmospheric processes cancelling each other out.[120] In 2021, a study using a Community Earth System Model suggested that an AMOC slowdown could nevertheless increase the strength of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and thus amplify climate extremes, especially if another Meridional Overturning Circulation develops in the Pacific Ocean in response to AMOC slowdown.[121] In contrast, a 2022 study showed that an AMOC collapse is likely to accelerate the Pacific trade winds and Walker circulation, while weakening Indian and South Atlantic subtropical highs.[122] The next study from the same team showed that the result of those altered atmospheric patterns is a ~30% reduction in ENSO variability and a ~95% reduction in the frequency of extreme El Niño events. Unlike today, El Niño events become more frequent in the central rather than eastern Pacific El Niño events.[123] At the same time, this would essentially make a La Nina state dominant across the globe, likely leading to more frequent extreme rainfall over eastern Australia and worse droughts and bushfire seasons over southwestern United States.
July 2023, a paper from a pair of University of Copenhagen researchers suggested that
AMOC collapse would most likely happen around 2057,
with the 95% confidence range between
2025 - 2095."
Saturday, February 03, 2024
the rights of humanity were more important than the rights of property,
Samuel Joseph May
(September 12, 1797 – July 1, 1871)
"was an American reformer during the nineteenth century who championed education, women's rights, and abolition of slavery.
May argued on behalf of all working people
that the rights of humanity were more important than the rights of property,
and advocated for minimum wages
and legal limitations on the amassing of wealth."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Joseph_May
His sister was Abby May Alcott, mother of novelist
Louisa May Alcott.
..She grew up among many well-known intellectuals of the day, including Margaret Fuller,
Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne,
Henry David Thoreau
and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruitlands_(transcendental_center)
"Fruitlands was a utopian agrarian commune established in Harvard, Massachusetts, by Amos Bronson Alcott and Charles Lane in the 1840s, based on
transcendentalist principles.
An account of its less-than-successful activities can be found in
Transcendental Wild Oats by Alcott's daughter Louisa May Alcott.
***
Lane purchased what was known as the Wyman farm and its 90 acres (36 ha), which also included a dilapidated house and barn.
Residents of Fruitlands ate no animal substances,
drank only water,
bathed in unheated water
and "no artificial light would prolong dark hours or cost them the brightness of morning."
Additionally, property was held communally, and
no animal labor was used."
Elk Falls, Prudence Crandall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prudence_Crandall
Prudence Crandall
(September 3, 1803 – January 27, 1890) was an American schoolteacher and activist.
She ran the first school for black girls ("young Ladies and little Misses of color")
in the United States,
located in Canterbury, Connecticut.
When Crandall admitted Sarah Harris, a 20-year-old African-American female student in 1832 to her school,
she had what is considered the first integrated classroom in the United States.
Parents of the white children began to withdraw them.
Prudence was a "very obstinate girl", according to her brother Reuben.
Rather than ask the African-American student to leave, she decided that
if white girls would not attend with the black students, she would educate black girls.
She was arrested and spent a night in jail. Soon the violence of the townspeople forced her to close the school. She left Connecticut and never lived there again.
Much later the Connecticut legislature, with lobbying from
Mark Twain,
a resident of Hartford, passed a resolution honoring Crandall and providing her with a pension.
Twain offered to buy her former Canterbury home for her retirement, but she declined.
___
"After the death of her husband, Crandall relocated with her brother Hezekiah to Elk Falls, Kansas,
around 1877, and it was there that her brother eventually died in 1881.
A visitor of 1886, who described her as "of almost national renown, with "a host of good books in her house", quoted her as follows:
"My whole life has been one of opposition.
I never could find anyone near me to agree with me.
NoEven my husband opposed me, more than anyone. He would not let me read the books that he himself read, but I did read them.
I read all sides, and searched for the truth whether it was in science, religion, or humanity.
I sometimes think I would like to live somewhere else. Here, in Elk Falls, there is nothing for my soul to feed upon.
Nothing, unless it comes from abroad in the shape of books, newspapers, and so on.
There is no public library, and there are but
one or two persons in the place that I can converse with profitably for any length of time.
No one visits me, and I begin to think they are afraid of me.
I think the ministers are afraid I shall upset their religious beliefs, and advise the members of their congregation not to call on me, but I don't care.
I speak on spiritualism sometimes, but more on temperance, and am a self-appointed member of the International Arbitration League.
I don't want to die yet. I want to live long enough to see some of these reforms consummated. "
Dear Prudence, won't you come out to play?
Dear Prudence, greet the brand new day
The sun is up, the sky is blue
It's beautiful and so are you
Dear Prudence, won't you come out to play?
Dear Prudence, open up your eyes
Dear Prudence, see the sunny skies
The wind is low, the birds will sing
That you are part
of everything
Dear Prudence, won't you open up your eyes?
Look around, 'round ('round, 'round, 'round)
('Round, 'round, 'round, 'round, 'round)
Look around, 'round, 'round ('round, 'round)
('Round, 'round, 'round, 'round, 'round)
Look around (ahh)
Dear Prudence, let me see you smile
Dear Prudence, like a little child
The clouds will be a daisy chain
So let me see you smile again
Dear Prudence, won't you let me see you smile?
Dear Prudence, won't you come out to play?
Dear Prudence, greet the brand new day
The sun is up, the sky is blue
It's beautiful and so are you
Dear Prudence, won't you come out to play?
Source: LyricFind
Songwriters: John Lennon / Paul McCartney
___
Crandall was uncertain about whether to admit Harris, whom she liked, she consulted her Bible, which, as she told it, came open to Ecclesiastes 4:1:
'So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun:
and behold the tears of such as were oppressed,
and they had no comforter;
and on the side of their oppressors
there was power; but they had no comforter."
"As word of the school spread, African-American families began arranging enrollment of their daughters in Crandall's academy.
On April 1, 1833, twenty African-American girls from Boston, Providence, New York, Philadelphia, and the surrounding areas in Connecticut arrived at Miss Crandall's School for Young Ladies and Little Misses of Color. "
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prudence_Crandall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prudence_Crandall
Friday, February 02, 2024
Nature Conservancy Fascist Frauds
"The Nature Conservancy has ties to many large companies,
including those in the oil, gas, mining, chemical and agricultural industries.
As of 2016, its board of directors included the retired chairman of Duke Energy,
and executives from Merck,
HP,
Google and several financial industry groups.
It also has a Business Council which it describes as a consultative forum that includes
Bank of America,
BP America,
Chevron,
Coca-Cola,
Dow Chemical,
Duke Energy,
General Mills,
Royal Dutch Shell,
and Starbucks.
The organization faced criticism in 2010 from supporters for its
refusal to cut ties with BP after the Gulf oil spill."
"In 2022, a group of 158 conservation, environmental, and social justice non-profit organizations signed an open letter to the Conservancy's CEO, Jennifer Morris,
charging that The Nature Conservancy was overly supportive of logging interests and the use of wood products as a natural climate solution.
TNC is a member of the Forest Climate Working Group alongside wood product companies like Weyerhauser"
____
"1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France
as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase
for 2.83 cents per acre.
In 1854, after first serving as an area to relocate Native American tribes from the east, the United States organized Kansas Territory.
In 1861, Kansas was admitted as the 34th U.S. state. The area that today is Elk County was, for a brief period, reserved to the Osage Indians
as hunting grounds for buffalo and other game"
Thursday, February 01, 2024
Once (1976) Melanie Bloodgood
One moment, once,
in a sun-buzzed room
all the views were delightful.
I and Time were a great balloon
in touch with the walls about us.
Then as if someone had been excused
from a chambered violin's play,
sound abruptly fountained up,
more abrupt yet was snipped away.
Suddenly, too, a light shaft,
crazy as an accident,
rushed down its silk in a slanted stream
to live and breathe on my white sheets
in a pool of moired patterns.
Hands to the birth of a secret universe
I was once one day.
Elaine, Arkansas massacre, Tulsa Massacre
Tulsa race massacre
"More than 800 people were admitted to hospitals, and as many as 6,000 black residents of Tulsa were interned in large facilities, many of them for several days.
The Oklahoma Bureau of Vital Statistics officially recorded 36 dead.
The 2001 Tulsa Reparations Coalition examination of events identified 39 dead, 26 black and 13 white, based on contemporary autopsy reports, death certificates, and other records.
The commission gave several estimates ranging from 75 to 300 dead."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulsa_race_massacre
____
The Elaine massacre
occurred on September 30–October 2, 1919 at Hoop Spur in the vicinity of Elaine in rural Phillips County, Arkansas where
African Americans were organizing against peonage and abuses in tenant farming.
As many as several hundred African Americans and five white men were killed.
Estimates of deaths made in the immediate aftermath of the Elaine Massacre by eyewitnesses range from 50 to "more than a hundred"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_massacre
____
Foreman and country peon
by Prilidiano Pueyrredón (1823 - 1870)
_______
Foreman and country peon by Prilidiano Pueyrredón (1823 - 1870)
Peon
(English /ˈpiːɒn/ PEE-on, from the Spanish peón Spanish pronunciation: [peˈon]) usually refers to a person subject to peonage:
any form of wage labor,
financial exploitation,
coercive economic practice,
or policy in which the victim or a laborer (peon)
has little control over employment
or economic conditions.
Peon and peonage can refer to both the colonial period and post-colonial period of Latin America,
as well as the period after the end of slavery in the United States,
when "Black Codes" were passed to retain African-American freedmen as labor through other means."
"After the U.S. Civil War, the South passed "Black Codes", laws to control freed black slaves.
Vagrancy laws were included in these Black Codes. Homeless or unemployed African Americans who were between jobs, most of whom were former slaves, were arrested and fined as vagrants.
Usually lacking the resources to pay the fine, the "vagrant" was sent to county labor or hired out under the convict lease program to a private employer.
The authorities also tried to restrict the movement of freedmen between rural areas and cities, to between towns.
Under such laws, local officials arbitrarily arrested tens of thousands of people
and charged them with fines and court costs of their cases.
Black freedmen were those most aggressively targeted. Poor whites were also arrested, but usually in much smaller numbers.
White merchants, farmers, and business owners were allowed to pay these debts, and the prisoner had to work off the debt.
Prisoners were leased as laborers to owners and operators of coal mines, lumber camps, brickyards, railroads, quarries, and farm plantations, with the lease revenues for their labor going to the states.
The lessors were responsible for room and board of the laborers, and frequently abused them
with little oversight by the state."